What is Dyslexia? A common term that most people are familiar with, but do they really know what it is and how it manifests in our children? Dyslexia, most people will say is a learning disorder where a person sees and writes letters and numbers backwards and out of sequence. Actually, dyslexia is a neurological issue that affects the language learning center of the brain. A "normal" person uses a specific area of the brain when reading and learning, a dyslexic on the other hand uses completely different areas of the brain therefore causing a need to learn differently. This does not mean a dyslexic is unable to learn, just that they will learn in another way.
My husband was recently diagnosed as being dyslexic and I am writing to highlight some of his struggles and how it has had such a lasting impact on his life. Our school experiences effect our lives dramatically whether they were great or not so great. So, if your child is struggling no matter what age they might be, use every resource available to help them succeed. Not being able to overcome their obstacles now will have a dramatic impact on who they will ultimately becomes as adults.
This whole journey began one night not so long ago when my husband watched a show called
Demystifying Dyslexia. One segment on the show profiled high school students and their struggles not only with school, but also at home. My husband related with the kids and realized that his struggles were exactly the same. So, we started researching on the Internet, calling psychologists and neuropsychologists, basically looking for any resource available to really figure this out. Finally, meeting with a psychologist to get a real diagnosis. One of the best resources we found was the
International Dyslexia Association. They have chapters all over the world and we started by calling our local chapter and talking with a representative who gave us a number of people to contact, letting us know what to expect and tips on what to avoid.
Some of his struggles include:
1. Terrible note taking and list making
2. Not very good at remembering dates and time.
3. Difficulty learning a foreign language
4. Good at leaning complex math concepts, but unable to write down the steps.
5. Undiagnosed vision problems, sees double and shadows behind words and letters
6. When reading out loud, very choppy
7. Replaces words when reading. During reading, when he comes to a word that he does not use often or recognize his brain will replace it with another word that looks similar. For example, when he was reading out loud as I was reading over his shoulder, he came to the word
tinges, but he replaced it with
things. He does this often because an average person will just sound out a word that is unfamiliar, but that is difficult for a dyslexic, so his brain will just fit another word in from memory that looks the same.
8. Difficulty organizing anything
9. Becomes tired after reading for a short time
10. Terrible at spelling
Being dyslexic also has great advantages. Some his strengths include:
1.Being able to see the whole picture
2. Thinking outside the box
3. Being able to grasp difficult math concepts
4. A great strategic thinker
5. Great people skills
6. Very intuitive
7. Excellent memory of places and events
During this process, he really delved deep into his past and stories from school came flooding out. For example; not being allowed to participate in the spelling bee in elementary school and not being allowed to try out for school plays. Also, being asked to be the quarterback on the junior high football team and after the initial excitement wore off, the fear of not being able to learn and remember the playbook set in and resulted in him making up some excuse and quitting the team. After high school at 26 years old, he did try to go to college. At that point we were recently married and he thought, maybe he did just goof off in school and now that he's older and more serious he'll do fine. Unfortunately, that was not the case, he took a couple of classes and in one of them, he was asked to read aloud. Such a simple task, but one he was barely able to get through and thus ended his college career.
Most of his memories of school are tragic and ego-crushing accounts of being told he was lazy, not trying hard enough, that he would never succeed in life and that college was not an option for him.
Despite all of these obstacles, he has managed to be successful. He started and runs a successful business, he will tell you though, he only started his business out of desperation because he felt he could not really do anything else.
Dyslexia not only affects learning, but also the social and emotional well being of a child.
The International Dyslexia Association explains this here:
SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS RELATED TO DYSLEXIA
The frustration of children with dyslexia often
centers on their inability to meet expectations.
Their parents and teachers see a bright,
enthusiastic child who is not learning to read and
write. Time and again, dyslexics and their
parents hear, “He’s such a bright child; if only he
would try harder.” Ironically, no one knows
exactly how hard the dyslexic is trying.
The inconsistencies of dyslexia produce serious
challenges in a child’s life. There is a
tremendous variability in the student’s individual
abilities. Although everyone has strengths and
weaknesses, the dyslexic’s are greatly
exaggerated. Furthermore, the dyslexic’s
strengths and weaknesses may be closely related.
These great variations produce a “roller coaster”
effect for dyslexics. At times, they can
accomplish tasks far beyond the abilities of their
peers. At the next moment, they can be
confronted with a task that they cannot
accomplish.
This "roller-coaster" effect would be very difficult for a child to understand let alone verbalize to a parent or teacher
how they are feeling. It could however, manifest in an extreme dislike for school, learning and finally result in low self-esteem.
The same
article goes on to say:
Researchers have learned that when typical learners succeed, they credit their own efforts for their success. When they fail, they tell themselves to try harder. However, when the dyslexic succeeds, he is likely to attribute his success to luck. When he fails, he simply sees himself as stupid. Research also suggests that these feelings of inferiority develop by the age of ten. After this age, it becomes extremely difficult to help the child develop a positive self-image. This is a powerful argument for early intervention.
I imagine that in regular students, trying hard equals success, but in a dyslexic that does not prove to be true because the correlation between trying harder and good grades has been broken at an early age. Simply trying harder does not always equal good results so when they actually do well it must not have anything to do with them.
It saddens me to think of a child thinking that success can only come to them as a result of luck and have nothing to do with their own efforts. I do believe it because I see it in my husband. He has created a successful business but is less likely to attribute his success as a result of his hard work and intellect and more likely to make comments like, "anyone could do what I do" or "it just happened to work out". Businesses do not just happen to succeed, but yet he attributes "luck" to a lot of his success.
The good news is that the problems associated with dyslexia can be fixed and the earlier the better, hopefully before their self-image is destroyed because that will be a lot harder to "fix".
Resources: The International Dyslexia Association